Helen keller资料

Helen keller资料

Helen Keller was less than two years old when she came down with a fever. It struck dramatically and left her unconscious. The fever went just as suddenly. But she was blinded and, very soon after, deaf. As she grew up, she managed to learn to do tiny errands, but she also realized that she was missing something. "Sometimes," she later wrote, "I stood between two persons who were conversing and touched their lips. I could not understand, and was vexed. I moved my lips and gesticulated frantically without result. This made me so angry at times that I kicked and screamed until I was exhausted." She was a wild child. That's Helen Keller,a greatest writer in the world.海伦·凯勒（Helen keller），美国盲聋女作家、教育家。 幼时患病，两耳失聪，双目失明。七岁时，安妮·沙利文担任她的家庭教师，从此成了她的良师益友，相处达50年。在沙利文帮助之下，进入大学学习，以优异成绩毕业。在大学期间，写了《我生命的故事》，讲述她如何战胜病残，给成千上万的残疾人和正常人带来鼓舞。这本书被译成50种文字，在世界各国流传。以后又写了许多文字和几部自传性小说，表明黑暗与寂静并不存在。后来凯勒成了卓越的社会改革家，到美国各地，到欧洲、亚洲发表演说，为盲人、聋哑人筹集资金。二战期间，又访问多所医院，慰问失明士兵，她的精神受人们崇敬。1964年被授于美国公民最高荣誉–总统自由勋章，次年又被推选为世界十名杰出妇女之一。 海伦、凯勒生平： 1880年6月27出生在美国亚拉巴马州塔斯喀姆比亚。 1882年1月因患猩红热致盲致聋。 1887年3月安妮·沙利文成为凯勒的老师。 1899年6月考入哈佛大学拉德克利夫女子学院。 1902–1903撰写出版《我的一生》（有的译作《我生活的故事》）。 1904年6月以优等成绩大学毕业。 1908–1913 著《我的天地》（又译作《我生活中的世界》）、《石墙之歌》、《冲出黑暗》。 1916年遭受婚姻不幸。 1919年应邀去好莱坞主演电影。 1924年成为美国盲人基金会的主要领导人。 1929年著《我的后半生》（也译作《中流––––我以后的生活》）。 1930年旅游英国。 1931–1933年荣获坦普尔大学荣誉学位。访问法国、南斯拉夫、英国。 1936年10月20日老师安妮·沙利文去世。 1942–1952年出访欧、亚、非、澳各大洲十三国。 1953年美国上映凯勒生活和工作的记录片《不可征服的人》。 1955年著《老师：安妮·沙利文·梅西》 荣获哈佛大学荣誉学位 1959年联合国发起“海伦·凯勒”世界运动。 1960年美国海外盲人基金会颁布“海伦·凯勒”奖金。 1964年荣获总统自由勋章。 1968年6月1日与世长辞。1968年6月1日下午，海伦·凯勒在睡梦中去世了，享年87岁。凯勒小姐在出生后18个月的时候就失聪失明成了个聋哑人，然而却奇迹般地走完了一生。 海伦·凯勒1880年出生于亚拉巴马州北部一个叫塔斯喀姆比亚的城镇。在她一岁半的时候，一场重病夺去了她的视力和听力，接着，她又丧失了语言表达能力。然而就在这黑暗而又寂寞的世界里，她竟然学会了读书和说话，并以优异的成绩毕业于美国拉德克利夫学院，成为一个学识渊博，掌握英、法、德、拉丁、希腊五种文字的著名作家和教育家。她走遍美国和世界各地，为盲人学校募集资金，把自己的一生献给了盲人福利和教育事业。她赢得了世界各国人民的赞扬，并得到许多国家政府的嘉奖。 一个聋盲人要脱离黑暗走向光明，最重要的是要学会认字读书。而从学会认字到学会阅读，更要付出超乎常人的毅力。海伦是靠手指来观察老师莎莉文小姐的嘴唇，用触觉来领会她喉咙的颤动、嘴的运动和面部表情，而这往往是不准确的。她为了使自己能够发好一个词或句子，要反复的练习，海伦从不在失败面前屈服。 从海伦7岁受教育，到考入拉德克利夫学院的14年间，她给亲人、朋友和同学写了大量的信，这些书信，或者描绘旅途所见所闻，或者倾诉自己的情怀，有的则是复述刚刚听说的一个故事，内容十分丰富。在大学学习时，许多教材都没有盲文本，要靠别人把书的内容拼写在她手上，因此她在预习功课的时间上要比别的同学多得多。当别的同学在外面嬉戏、唱歌的时候，她却在花费很多时间努力备课。 海伦能够走出黑暗，达到那么高的学术成就，除了靠她自己的顽强毅力之外，同她的老师莎莉文的循循教导是分不开的。她说“我的老师安妮·曼斯菲尔德·莎莉文来到我家的这一天，是我一生中最重要的一天”，“她使我的精神获得了解放”。是她的老师教她认字，使她知道每一事物都有个名字，也是老师教她知道什么是“爱”这样抽象的名词。海伦幼年得病致残后，变得愚昧而乖戾，几乎成了无可救药的废物，但后来她却成为一个有文化修养的大学生，这确实是个奇迹。可以说这个奇迹有一半是海伦的老师安妮·莎莉文创造出来的，是她崇高的献身精神和科学的教育方法结出的硕果。莎莉文小姐不管教海伦什么，总是用一个很好听的故事，或是一首诗来讲清楚，她的教育经验十分丰富，教育方法也与众不同，她从不把海伦关在房间里进行死板的、注入式的课堂教育。 海伦用顽强的毅力克服生理缺陷所造成的精神痛苦。她热爱生活，会骑马、滑雪、下棋，还喜欢戏剧演出，喜爱参观博物馆和名胜古迹，并从中得到知识。她21岁时，和老师合作发表了她的处女作《我生活的故事》。在以后的60多年中她共写下了14部著作。http://zh.askmore.net/%E6%B5%B7%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%8B%92.htm 海伦·亚当斯·凯勒 (Helen Adams Keller，1880年6月27日-1968年6月1日)，是美国一位残障教育家。她在19个月大时因为一次高烧而引致失明及失聪。后来籍着她的导师安·沙利文(Anne Sullivan)的努力，使她学会说话，并开始和其他人沟通。并且毕业于哈佛大学。 命运改变 海伦·凯勒出生时十分健康，但是在她19个月大时却患了急性脑充血而引起高烧，结果这场病使她变成了失明和失聪。这命运的厄困使海伦·凯勒变得异常暴躁，她的父亲和母亲十分担忧，结果在她6岁时，在其家庭医生的协助下，他们找来了柏金斯盲人学校的沙利文老师作为海伦·凯勒的启蒙导师。 得遇良师 沙利文老师十分有爱心，他首先了解海伦·凯勒的脾性，与她建立互信的关系，再耐心的教导海伦·凯勒手语，让她能与别人沟通。其后再教导海伦·凯勒用手指点字以及基本的生活礼仪。在经过一番训练后，她父母在她10岁时聘请了霍勒斯曼学校的莎拉·傅乐瓦老师教导其说话，而海伦·凯勒最终亦学会了说话。对于一个 失明和失聪的人来说，这是十分艰巨的事情。结果就在父母和沙利文老师的悉心教导下，海伦·凯勒改对世界改观，开始努力向学，认真做人。 进入学校 1898年，海伦·凯勒考入了哈佛大学附属剑桥女子学校。1900年秋，再考进哈佛大学的雷地克里夫学院，这对于一个失明和失聪的人而言，可说是教人难以置信。最后于1904年，海伦·凯勒成功取得文学学士学位，而且成绩优异。而这么多年来沙利文老师则一直留在海伦·凯勒身边，并将教科书与上课内容写在海伦·凯勒的手掌上，让凯勒能了解其内容，可说是对海伦·凯勒不离不弃，因此海伦·凯勒一生均十分感激她。 教育大众 海伦·凯勒于1924年组成了海伦·凯勒基金会，并加入了美国盲人基金会，作为其全国和国际的关系顾问。其后她在国际狮子的年会上发表演说，她要求狮子会成为“协助失明人战胜黑暗的武士”。并说：“我为你们开启机会的窗，我正敲著你的大门。”1946年，海伦·凯勒担任美国全球盲人基金会的国际关系顾问，并开始周游世界，并游历了35个国家。她尽力争取在世界各地兴建盲人学校，并常去医院探望病人，与他们分享她的经历，以给予他们生存意志。她同时亦为贫民及黑人争取权益，以及提倡世界和平。 名留青史 海伦·凯勒享年87岁，而在她死后，因为她坚强的意志和卓越的贡献感动了全世界，各地人民都开展了纪念她的活动。而有人曾如此评价她∶“海伦·凯勒人类的骄傲，是我们学习的榜样，相信众多的有疾病而聋·哑·盲的人都能在黑暗中找到光明”。 We reported last week that Helen Keller suffered from a strange sickness when she was only 19 months old. It made her completely blind and deaf. For the next five years she had no way of successfully communicating with other people. Then a teacher Anne Sullivan arrived from Boston to help her. Miss Sullivan herself had once been blind. She tried to teach Helen to live like other people. She taught her how to use her hands as a way of speaking. Miss Sullivan took Helen out into the woods to explore nature. They also went to the circus, the theatre., and even to factories. Miss Sullivan explained everything in the language she and Helen used, a language of touch, of fingers and hands. Helen also learned how to ride to horse, to swim, to row a boat, and even to climb trees. Helen Keller once wrote about these early days. One beautiful spring morning I was alone in my room, reading. Suddenly a wonderful smell in the air made me get up and put out my hands . The spirit of spring seemed to be passing in my room. "What is it?"I asked. The next minute I knew it was coming from mimosa tree outside. I walked outside to the edge of the garden, toward the tree. There it was, shaking in the warm sunshine. Its long branches, so heavy with flowers, almost touched the ground. I walked through the flowers to the tree itself and then just stood silent. Then I put my foot on the tree and pulled myself up into it. I climbed higher and higher until I reached a little seat. Long ago someone had put it there. I sat for a long time... Nothing in all the world was like this. Later Helen learned that nature could be cruel as well as beautiful. Strangely enough she discovery this in a different kind of tree. One day my teacher and I were returning from a long walk. It was a fine morning but it started to get warm and heavy. We stopped to rest two or three times. Our last stop was under a cherry tree, a short way from our house. The shade was nice and the tree was easy to climb. Miss Sullivan climbed with me. It was so coot up in the tree, we decided to have lunch there. I promised to sit still until she went to the house for some food. Suddenly a change came over the tree. I knew the sky was black because all the heat which meant light to me had died out of the air. A strange odor came up to me from the earth . I knew it. It was the odor which always comes before a thunder storm. I felt alone, cut off from friends, high above the firm earth. I was frightened and wanted my teacher. wanted to get down from that tree quickly, but I was no help to myself. There was a moment of' terrible silence. Then a sudden and violent wind began to shake the tree and its leaves kept coming down all around me. I almost fell. I wanted to jump, but was afraid to do so. I tried to make myself small in the tree as the branches rubbed against me. Just us I thought that both the tree and I were going to fall, a hand touched me . It was my teacher. I held her with all my strength, then shook with joy to feel the solid earth under my feet. Miss Sullivan stayed with Helen for many year. She taught Helen how to read, how to write and how to speak. She helped her to get ready for school and college. More than anything, Helen wanted to do what others did, and do it just as well. In time Helen did go to college and completed her studies with high honors. But it was a hard struggle. Few of the books she needed were written in the Braille language that the blind could read by touching pages. Miss Sullivan and others had to teach her what was in these books by forming words in her hands. The study of geometry and physics was especially difficult. Helen could only learn about squares, triangles and other geometrical forms by making them with wires. She kept feeling the different shapes of these wires until she could see them in her mind. During her second year college Miss Keller wrote the story of her life and what a college meant to her. This is what she wrote. My first day at Radcliffe college was of great interest. Some powerful force inside me made me test my mind. I wanted to learn if it was as good as that of others. I learned many things at college. One thing I slowly learned was that knowledge does not just mean power, as some people say. Knowledge leads to happiness because to have it is to know what is true and real. To know what great man of the past had thought, said, and done is to feel the heartbeat of humanity down through the ages. All of Helen Keller's knowledge reached her mind through her sense of touch and smell, and of course her feelings. To know a flower was to touch it, feel it and smell it. This sense of touch became greatly developed as she got older. She once said that hands speak almost as loudly as words. She said the touch of some hands frightened her. The people seemed so empty of joy that when she touched their cold fingers it is as if she were shaking bands with a storm. She found the hands of others full of sunshine and warmth. Strangely enough Helen Keller learned to love things she could not hear, music for example. She did this through her sense of touch. When waves of air beat against her, she felt them. Sometimes she put her hand to a singer's throat. She often stood for hours with her hands on a piano while it was played. Once she listened to an organ. Its powerful songs made her moved her body in rhythm with the music. She also liked to go to museums. She thought she understood sculptures as well as others. Her fingers told her the true size and the feel of the material. What did Helen Keller think of herself, what did she think about the tragic lost of her sight and hearing. This is what she wrote as a young girl. Sometimes a sense of loneliness covers me like a cold mist. I sit alone, and wait at life ' s shut-door. Beyond there is light and music and sweet friendship. But I may not enter. Silence sits heavy upon my soul. Then comes hope with a sweet smile and said softly " There is joy in forgetting oneself And so I tried to make the light in others' eyes my sun, the music in others' ears my symphony, the smile on others' lips my happiness. Helen Keller was tall and strong. When she spoke, her face looked very alive. It helped to give meaning to her words. She often felt the faces of close friends when she was talking to them to discover their feelings. She and Miss Sullivan both were known for their sense of humor. They enjoyed jokes and laughing at funny things that happened to themselves or others. Helen Keller had to work hard to support herself after she finished college. She spoke to many groups around the country. She wrote several books and she made one movie based on her life. Her main goal was to increase public interest in the difficulties of people with physical problems. The work Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan did has been written and talked about for many years. Their success showed how people can conquer great difficulties. Anne Sullivan died in 1936, blind herself. Before Miss Sullivan died, Helen wrote and said many kind things about her. It was the genius of my teacher, her sympathy, her love which made my first years of education so beautiful. My teacher is so near to me that I do not think of myself as a part from her. All the best of me belongs to her. Everything I am today was awakened by her loving touch . Helen Keller died on June 1st, 1968. She was 87 year old. Her message of courage and hope remains. 用下面的连结可以看到照片http://www.czssx.com/index/Helen/Photo_Class.asp?ClassID=1 http://www.ts49z.com/grzy/tlz/new-page10.htm ( 海伦 凯勒)http://www.cnmassage.com/lzrs/hl-kl.htmhttp://www.unsv.com/voanews/specialenglish/scripts/2003/05/04/0045/ 还有GOOGLE网里的